Ever wonder how does underneath of our skin function? Its call Dermis!

The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of noncellular components in the dermis, providing essential scaffolding and initiating biochemical cues for tissue development and homeostasis. It includes water, polysaccharides, and proteins, predominantly proteoglycans and fibrous proteins like collagens and elastins, which fibroblasts synthesize. The ECM is dynamic, constantly remodeled, and crucial for the skin's mechanical properties, protection, and homeostasis.

As we age, fibroblast activity decreases, affecting ECM composition and properties. Research by Naolys has focused on fibroblast-derived proteoglycans, which consist of a protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) known for their water retention capabilities. Collagen, the main structural protein, offers tensile strength and supports cell functions. MMP3 (Stromelysin-1) is an enzyme that breaks down ECM components for tissue remodeling. Elastin provides elasticity to the ECM.

Naolys studied the synthesis of the three types of proteoglycans made by fibroblasts, which is an exact study. Proteoglycans are made of a combination of a protein and a GAG. They are made of long O-glycolic chains, like      «water traps.» They have buffering, hydration, binding, and force-resistance properties. GAG (glycosaminoglycans) are essential acids with powerful water retention capacities. There are many GAGs, including hyaluronic acid. Collagen is the most abundant fibrous protein within the interstitial ECM and constitutes the main structural element of the ECM; collagens provide tensile strength, regulate cell adhesion, support chemotaxis and migration, and direct tissue development. MMP3 (or Stromelysin-1) is an ECM enzyme involved in the breakdown of the ECM and tissue remodeling. It degrades collagen types II, III, IV, IX, X, proteoglycans, and other fiber proteins. Elastin is another fibrous protein and the principal structural component of the elastic fibers in the ECM.